Scientific journal
Modern problems of science and education
ISSN 2070-7428
"Перечень" ВАК
ИФ РИНЦ = 1,006

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MICRORNA IN PARKINSON'S DISEASE: POSSIBILITIES OF USING AS A BIOMARKER OF THE DISEASE

Gordeeva V.I. 1 Vasilenko A.F. 1 Karpova M.I. 2 Korotkova D.G. 1
1 South Ural State Medical Univercity Ministry of health of Russion Federation
2 FSBEI HE SUSMU MOH Russia
Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons. According to the World Health Organization, it affects about 6 million people, and the number of diagnosed cases in the Russian Federation is approximately 210 thousand. Parkinson's disease has motor and non-motor manifestations that reduce quality of life and lead to disability. The pathogenesis of the disease is complex; one of the most relevant aspects is the study of genetic and epigenetic factors in its development. The purpose of this work is to present a literature review highlighting current ideas about the possible role of various microRNA variants in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease and the prospects for their use as biomarkers of the disease. An analysis of publication material in the Pubmed and eLIBRARY databases for 2009–2023 was carried out; 50 articles on a given topic were analyzed, 23 of which were used to write a literature review. Modern data on the mechanisms of formation, biological role, and methods for detecting microRNA are presented. The results of fundamental and clinical studies are summarized, indicating the participation of various microRNAs in the regulation of genes associated with Parkinson's disease, as well as their importance in the implementation of processes that are essential in the development of the disease: excessive accumulation and aggregation of alpha-synuclein, oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, microglial inflammatory response, apoptosis. An analysis of data on the relationship of certain microRNA variants with the presence of Parkinson's disease, demographic characteristics of patients, phenotype and stage of the disease, prescription of therapy and response to it was carried out. It was concluded that the use of a number of microRNAs as biomarkers may be promising due to their stability and the possibility of detection in biological fluids, but further search for clinical and laboratory correlations is necessary.
parkinson's disease
microrna
biomarker
detection
expression
neurodegeneration