В статье сравниваются особенности социальной адаптации у двух групп детей и подростков: с расстройствами аутистического спектра неясной этиологии и одной из самых распространенных синдромальных форм РАС – синдромом умственной отсталости, сцепленной с ломкой хромосомой Х (FXS). Все исследованные пациенты имели дефицит адаптации (от умеренного до глубокого), проявляющийся в сферах коммуникации и социализации. При этом наиболее затронутой оказалась сфера коммуникации. Была выявлена отрицательная связь уровня адаптации с выраженностью аутистических черт, а также нарушений речи с уровнем социализации у испытуемых обеих групп. Сравнение адаптивного поведения выявило более высокий уровень адаптации у детей с синдромом умственной отсталости, сцепленной с ломкой хромосомой Х, по сравнению с недифференцированной группой детей с РАС.
Features of social adaptation in two groups of children and adolescents (autism spectrum disorders of unknown etiology and Fragile X syndrome) were compared. All of the participants had a deficit of adaptation (moderate to severe), which manifests itself in the areas of communication and socialization. The most affected was the sphere of communication. We found a negative correlation between adaptation and autistic features and between speech disorders and the socialization in the participants in both groups. Comparison of adaptive behavior revealed a higher level of adaptation in children with FXS compared to the undifferentiated group of children with ASD.
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